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Optimizing carbon dioxide utilization for microalgae biofilm cultivation.

Ward Blanken1, Stefan Schaap1, Sophie Theobald1

  • 1Bioprocess Engineering, AlgaePARC, Wageningen University, PO Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
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Summary

Maximizing microalgae cultivation involves optimizing carbon dioxide (CO2) utilization. A phototrophic biofilm model achieved 96% CO2 efficiency using flue gas, with minimal productivity loss, by using multiple reactors in series.

Keywords:
CO2 utilization efficiencybiomass productivitcarbon dioxidemicroalgal biofilmmicroalgal growth model

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Microalgae cultivation is crucial for biofuels and CO2 capture.
  • Loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) during cultivation is an environmental and economic concern.
  • Efficient CO2 utilization is key to sustainable microalgae production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a phototrophic biofilm growth model.
  • To maximize both CO2 utilization efficiency and microalgae production in biofilms.
  • To identify optimal conditions for CO2 capture during microalgae cultivation.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of a phototrophic biofilm growth model.
  • Conducting growth experiments with CO2 as the limiting substrate.
  • Simulating various operational parameters like gas flow rate, reactor configuration, and gas composition.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a maximum CO2 utilization efficiency of 96% using flue gas.
  • Observed only a 2% drop in biomass productivity compared to non-CO2 limited conditions.
  • Determined that operating 25 or more biofilm reactors in series is necessary for optimal results.

Conclusions:

  • Concentrated CO2 streams are essential for high CO2 utilization efficiency.
  • Plug flow behavior of gas over the biofilm surface maximizes productivity.
  • The developed model provides a pathway for efficient and economical microalgae cultivation.