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Extra-virgin olive oil phenols block cell cycle progression and modulate chemotherapeutic toxicity in bladder cancer

Andrea Coccia1, Luciana Mosca2, Rosa Puca1

  • 1Department of Medical‑Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy.

Oncology Reports
|October 18, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Extra-virgin olive oil extract (EVOOE) shows significant antiproliferative effects on bladder cancer cells. EVOOE also modulates chemotherapy efficacy, suggesting potential health benefits and new anticancer strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nutraceuticals
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies link Mediterranean diet, rich in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), to reduced cancer incidence, particularly bladder cancer.
  • EVOO is known for its rich polyphenol content, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antiproliferative effects of EVOO polyphenols on bladder cancer (BCa) cells.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of cell death induced by EVOO extract (EVOOE).
  • To evaluate EVOOE's ability to modulate the in vitro activity of paclitaxel and mitomycin C.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro cell culture of T24 and 5637 BCa cell lines.
  • Assessment of cell proliferation, clonogenic ability, and cell cycle progression.
  • Induction of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production analysis.
  • Combination treatments with EVOOE and standard chemotherapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • EVOOE demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation and clonogenic growth in BCa cells.
  • EVOOE induced G2/M cell cycle arrest in both cell lines and apoptosis in T24 cells.
  • Co-treatment with mitomycin C and EVOOE reduced drug cytotoxicity by inhibiting ROS production.
  • Co-treatment with paclitaxel and EVOOE significantly enhanced apoptotic cell death in T24 cells.

Conclusions:

  • EVOO polyphenols exhibit significant anti-BCa activity, supporting epidemiological findings.
  • EVOOE can modulate the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, offering potential for novel combination therapies.
  • These findings suggest EVOO consumption may contribute to cancer prevention and provide a basis for developing new anticancer strategies.

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