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Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Related Experiment Video

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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
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A Rare Case of Lateral Ectopic Thyroid.

Rosa Maria Paragliola1, Giampaolo Papi, Rosa Maria Lovicu

  • 1From the Endocrinology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|November 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ectopic thyroid tissue, a rare developmental abnormality, can occur in unusual locations like the submandibular region. Thyroid scintigraphy aided in diagnosing this rare case of thyroid dysgenesis presenting as subclinical hypothyroidism.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Embryology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue results from abnormal embryogenesis during the thyroid gland's descent.
  • While commonly found at the tongue base, ectopic thyroid tissue in lateral neck positions is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • This case report details thyroid dysgenesis manifesting as a submandibular ectopic thyroid gland.
  • The patient was asymptomatic, highlighting the importance of subclinical findings.

Findings:

  • Thyroid scintigraphy was instrumental in diagnosing the submandibular ectopic thyroid.
  • The ectopic thyroid gland was identified as the cause of subclinical hypothyroidism.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known anatomical variations of ectopic thyroid tissue.
  • Early diagnosis via scintigraphy is crucial for managing subclinical hypothyroidism caused by ectopic thyroid tissue.