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Aortic Stiffness, Cerebrovascular Dysfunction, and Memory.

Leroy L Cooper1, Gary F Mitchell2

  • 1Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc., Norwood, Mass, USA; Lifespan Cardiovascular Institute, W. Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, R.I., USA.

Pulse (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aortic stiffness contributes to memory decline in older adults by damaging the brain's microvasculature. Reducing aortic stiffness may help preserve memory function with age.

Keywords:
Aortic stiffnessCognitive functionMemoryPulsatile hemodynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aortic stiffness is linked to cardiovascular events, cerebrovascular damage, and cognitive decline.
  • This review explores the connection between aortic stiffness, microvascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.
  • Aortic stiffness is considered a potential contributor to memory loss in aging individuals.

Approach:

  • The review focuses on the relationship between aortic stiffness and microvascular dysfunction.
  • It discusses how abnormal pulsatile hemodynamics contribute to cerebrovascular damage and cognitive decline.
  • The study provides a rationale for viewing aortic stiffness as a factor in memory impairment.

Key Points:

  • Aging stiffens the aorta, increasing peripheral pulsatility and impairing protective mechanisms for the microcirculation.
  • Accelerated aortic stiffening post-midlife exposes the brain's microvasculature to damaging pulsatile forces.
  • Cerebrovascular resistance and white matter hyperintensities mediate the link between aortic stiffness and memory performance.

Conclusions:

  • Vascular factors, including aortic stiffness and microvascular damage, are increasingly implicated in memory impairment and dementia.
  • Aortic stiffening and associated high-flow pulsatility damage the brain's microvasculature.
  • Interventions targeting aortic stiffness may mitigate age-related memory decline.