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Do temporal changes in vegetation structure additional to time since fire predict changes in bird occurrence?

David B Lindenmayer1,2,3,4, Steven G Candy5,6, Christopher I MacGregor5,7,8

  • 1Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia. david.lindenmayer@anu.edu.au.

Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America
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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fire

Keywords:
biodiversity conservationdisaggregationmoderated-mediation analysismultiple regressionoccurrencevegetationwildfire

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Wildlife Conservation

Background:

  • Fire is a significant ecological driver impacting fauna through direct mortality and indirect habitat alteration.
  • Understanding fire's impact on fauna is crucial for biodiversity management in fire-prone ecosystems.
  • Distinguishing direct versus indirect fire effects on faunal recovery is challenging due to confounding temporal changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if temporal vegetation changes predict bird occurrence post-fire.
  • To differentiate fire's direct and indirect impacts on bird populations using time since fire as a surrogate.
  • To assess the influence of vegetation structure and time since fire on bird community dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-year study in Booderee National Park, Australia, examined bird and vegetation responses across 124 sites and six vegetation classes.
  • Logistic structural equation models were employed to disentangle temporal vegetation changes from direct demographic effects, incorporating longitudinal and cross-sectional vegetation data.
  • Wildfire in 2003 affected approximately half of the study sites, allowing for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • Temporal shifts in vegetation structure and species richness were observed at burned and unburned sites.
  • For nine bird species, temporal vegetation trends (understory/midstory plant species richness, midstory cover) significantly influenced their yearly occurrence.
  • For bird species richness and 11 other species, temporal effects of time since fire and vegetation attributes could not be separated.

Conclusions:

  • Identifies bird species whose recovery is primarily driven by indirect vegetation effects, benefiting from targeted vegetation management.
  • Highlights species recovery dominated by direct fire effects, where natural regeneration post-disturbance is sufficient.
  • Provides insights for tailored biodiversity management strategies in fire-affected landscapes.