Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine01:25

Antianginal Drugs: Calcium Channel Blockers and Ranolazine

1.7K
Angina pectoris, a primary symptom of ischemic heart disease, requires careful pharmacological interventions. In this context, calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and ranolazine have emerged as crucial pharmacotherapeutic agents, providing deep insights into the complexities of angina management.
CCBs, a diverse class that includes dihydropyridines (nifedipine) and diphenylalkylamines (verapamil and diltiazem), exert their effect by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells. This...
1.7K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

2.8K
Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
2.8K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers01:20

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers

2.5K
Class IV antiarrhythmic drugs, such as verapamil and diltiazem, block calcium channels. They primarily affect the heart, slowing the conduction in calcium-dependent tissues like the SA and AV nodes. These drugs manage reentrant supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and reduce ventricular rate in atrial flutter/fibrillation.
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
2.5K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers01:24

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers

2.2K
Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
2.2K
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers01:22

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers

3.9K
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used to treat various types of arrhythmias or irregular heart rhythms. These drugs block the sodium (Na+) channels in the cardiac cells, thereby affecting the movement of electrical impulses across the heart. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are divided into three subgroups: Class IA, Class IB, and Class IC, each with distinct mechanisms of action and effects on the heart.
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
3.9K
Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias01:25

Dysrhythmias VI: Management of Dysrhythmias

563
Dysrhythmia management involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating pharmacological treatments, medical procedures, surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and patient education.Pharmacological ManagementAntiarrhythmic Drugs:Class I (Sodium Channel Blockers): This class includes quinidine and procainamide, which reduce the speed of impulse conduction in the heart, stabilize the cardiac membrane, and control arrhythmias. Quinidine and procainamide are Class IA agents that prolong the...
563

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Artificial intelligence vs electrophysiologist adjudication of atrial arrhythmias.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

2026 ACC/AHA/HRS advanced training statement on clinical cardiac electrophysiology (Revision of the 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS advanced training statement on clinical cardiac electrophysiology): A report of the ACC Competency Management Committee.

Heart rhythm·2026
Same author

2026 ACC/AHA/HRS Advanced Training Statement on Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology (Revision of the 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Advanced Training Statement on Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology): A Report of the ACC Competency Management Committee.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology·2026
Same author

2026 ACC/AHA/HRS Advanced Training Statement on Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology (Revision of the 2015 ACC/AHA/HRS Advanced Training Statement on Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology): A Report of the ACC Competency Management Committee.

Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology·2026
Same author

The Impact of Global Imbalance on Pelvic Fixation Failure: A Single Institution Matched Case-Control Study.

Global spine journal·2026
Same author

Sex-Based Differences in Left Bundle Branch Capture During Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing.

Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE·2026
Same journal

Incidence and Clinical Predictors of Cognitive Decline in Anticoagulated Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. The Strat-AF Study.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

Pulsed Field or Cryoballoon Ablation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation - insights from acute and chronic electroanatomic remapping in the randomized SINGLE-SHOT CHAMPION trial.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

Pulmonary vein reconnection patterns after pentaspline pulsed field ablation for atrial fibrillation.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

Angioplasty for Pulmonary Vein Stenosis after Atrial Fibrillation Ablation.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

Compliance to direct oral anticoagulation therapy and clinical outcomes after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: a nationwide cohort study.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
Same journal

Atrial cardiomyopathy as a multidomain disease: longitudinal evidence for autonomic remodelling.

Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

34.3K

Ranolazine reduces atrial fibrillatory wave frequency.

Eric W Black-Maier1, Sean D Pokorney1, Adam S Barnett1

  • 1Duke Center for Atrial Fibrillation and Cardiac Electrophysiology Section, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Institute, PO Box 17969, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ranolazine, an antianginal drug, was found to lower the dominant frequency in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Further research is needed to explore its antiarrhythmic potential for AF treatment.

Keywords:
AntiarrhythmicAtrial fibrillationDominant frequencyRanolazinef-wave

More Related Videos

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats
05:12

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats

Published on: February 14, 2022

3.9K
The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
23:33

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 28, 2012

84.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 26, 2013

34.3K
Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats
05:12

Transesophageal Atrial Burst Pacing for Atrial Fibrillation Induction in Rats

Published on: February 14, 2022

3.9K
The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation
23:33

The WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure Device for Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: February 28, 2012

84.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Current antiarrhythmic medications for atrial fibrillation (AF) exhibit limited efficacy and carry risks of severe side effects.
  • Ranolazine, primarily an antianginal agent, presents a potential therapeutic option for AF due to possible antiarrhythmic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antiarrhythmic effects of ranolazine in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
  • To assess the impact of ranolazine on electrophysiological parameters including dominant frequency (DF), f-wave amplitude, and organizational index (OI) in AF patients.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 15 atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with available electrocardiograms (ECGs) before and after ranolazine initiation.
  • Utilized the Duke Enterprise Data Unified Content Explorer database for patient data.
  • Analyzed ECGs to determine changes in dominant frequency (DF), f-wave amplitude, and organizational index (OI).

Main Results:

  • Ranolazine treatment was associated with a significant reduction in dominant frequency (DF) by approximately 10% (P=0.04).
  • No significant changes were observed in organizational index (OI) or f-wave amplitude in patients treated with ranolazine.
  • A similar reduction in DF was noted in a subgroup of patients not receiving other antiarrhythmic drugs (P=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Ranolazine demonstrates an association with decreased dominant frequency in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.
  • The drug did not significantly alter organizational index or fibrillatory wave amplitude.
  • Prospective clinical trials are warranted to validate ranolazine's efficacy as a novel antiarrhythmic therapy for AF.