Prophylaxis of Diallyl Disulfide on Skin Carcinogenic Model via p21-dependent Nrf2 stabilization

Yunlong Shan1, Zhonghong Wei1, Li Tao1

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.

Scientific Reports
|October 21, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a garlic compound, shows promise in preventing skin cancer by boosting antioxidant defenses and Nrf2 activity. This natural product may reduce cancer risk, highlighting the benefits of a garlic-rich diet.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Chemoprevention using natural products offers an accessible strategy for cancer risk reduction.
  • Diallyl disulfide (DADS), a key compound in garlic, demonstrates potential in cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prophylactic effects of DADS against chemically induced skin carcinogenesis in mice.
  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms and targets through which DADS exerts its chemopreventive effects.

Main Methods:

  • A two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis model was established using DMBA and TPA.
  • DADS's efficacy was assessed in both wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice.
  • Molecular targets, including antioxidant enzymes, Nrf2, p21, and Keap1, were investigated.

Main Results:

  • DADS significantly reduced skin tumor incidence and multiplicity in a dose-dependent manner.
  • DADS treatment led to increased antioxidant enzyme activity and nuclear accumulation of Nrf2.
  • The protective effect of DADS was diminished in Nrf2 knockout mice.
  • DADS was found to enhance the interaction between p21 and Nrf2, inhibiting Keap1-mediated Nrf2 degradation.

Conclusions:

  • Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a potent chemopreventive agent against skin carcinogenesis.
  • DADS functions by upregulating antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2 activity, partly through enhancing p21-Nrf2 interaction.
  • A diet rich in garlic may contribute to cancer risk reduction.

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