Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

14.2K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
14.2K
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores02:40

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

17.0K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
17.0K
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

Key Elements for Plant Nutrition

24.7K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
24.7K
Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

22.1K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
22.1K
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition02:11

The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition

47.9K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
47.9K
Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

9.8K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
9.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Carbon and water relations of Salix monticola in response to winter browsing and changes in surface water hydrology: an isotopic study using δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O.

Oecologia·2017
Same author

<sup>14</sup>C distribution and utilization in blue grama as affected by temperature, water potential and defoliation regimes.

Oecologia·2017
Same author

Water status of soil and vegetation in a shortgrass steppe.

Oecologia·2017
Same author

Elevated CO2 further lengthens growing season under warming conditions.

Nature·2014
Same author

Performance of beef cows receiving cull beans, sunflower meal, and canola meal as protein supplements while grazing native winter range in Eastern Colorado.

Journal of animal science·1999
Same author

A model of thermal acclimation in cattle.

Journal of animal science·1985

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

How to Create Conditioned Taste Aversion for Grazing Ground Covers in Woody Crops with Small Ruminants
05:55

How to Create Conditioned Taste Aversion for Grazing Ground Covers in Woody Crops with Small Ruminants

Published on: April 30, 2016

7.7K

Grazing and Plant Performance.

M J Trlica, L R Rittenhouse

    Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America
    |February 1, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary

    Herbivory impacts ecosystems above and below ground, affecting plant traits and genetics. Understanding plant compensation is crucial for natural resource managers to make informed decisions.

    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Plant Science
    • Ecosystem Dynamics

    Background:

    • Herbivory, or grazing, significantly influences ecosystem structure and function.
    • Plant responses to herbivory, including compensation, vary based on environmental conditions.
    • Ecological responses must be measurable within practical scales for effective natural resource management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the multifaceted impacts of herbivory on ecosystems.
    • To investigate the mechanisms of plant compensation in response to grazing.
    • To highlight the importance of herbivory research for applied ecological management.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing scientific literature on herbivory and plant responses.
    • Analysis of factors influencing plant compensation (overcompensation, equal compensation, undercompensation).

    More Related Videos

    JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
    09:23

    JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning

    Published on: March 21, 2025

    2.1K
    Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
    10:20

    Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

    Published on: March 12, 2013

    14.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

    How to Create Conditioned Taste Aversion for Grazing Ground Covers in Woody Crops with Small Ruminants
    05:55

    How to Create Conditioned Taste Aversion for Grazing Ground Covers in Woody Crops with Small Ruminants

    Published on: April 30, 2016

    7.7K
    JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning
    09:23

    JenaTron - An Experimental Approach to Study the Effects of Plant History and Soil History on Grassland Ecosystem Functioning

    Published on: March 21, 2025

    2.1K
    Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter
    10:20

    Linking Predation Risk, Herbivore Physiological Stress and Microbial Decomposition of Plant Litter

    Published on: March 12, 2013

    14.0K
  • Examination of the role of herbivory in ecosystem structure and function.

    • Main Results:

    • Herbivory affects plant physiology, morphology, and genetics.
    • Plant compensation magnitude must exceed system 'noise' to be ecologically significant.
    • Effective management relies on understanding herbivory's effects at relevant temporal and spatial scales.

    Conclusions:

    • Herbivory is a critical driver of ecosystem processes with wide-ranging effects.
    • Quantifying plant compensation is essential for predicting ecosystem responses to grazing.
    • Applied ecological research on herbivory aids natural resource managers in uncertain environments.