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The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
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General Model of Hindered Diffusion.

Shaltiel Eloul1, Richard G Compton1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University , South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|November 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new model explains hindered diffusion near surfaces. The effect

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Particle diffusion is fundamental to many scientific processes.
  • Near adsorbing surfaces, diffusion can be significantly altered.
  • Existing models may not fully capture surface effects on diffusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a general model for hindered diffusion near adsorbing surfaces.
  • To quantify the impact of surface proximity on particle flux.
  • To introduce and define the concept of a "hindered diffusion layer".

Main Methods:

  • Development of a general mathematical model for diffusion.
  • Analysis of diffusion layer thickness and its relation to flux.
  • Computational prediction of concentration profiles near surfaces.

Main Results:

  • Hindered diffusion's magnitude depends on diffusion layer thickness, irrespective of space size.
  • A "hindered diffusion layer" forms near surfaces, observable even for nanoparticles.
  • The model is applicable to electrochemistry and biophysical systems.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides a unified approach to understanding hindered diffusion.
  • The "hindered diffusion layer" is a key concept for particle transport near surfaces.
  • This work has implications for ultrasmall electrodes, convective systems, and diffusion to biological targets.