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Felipe Caamaño Navarrete1, Pedro Delgado Floody, Daniel Jerez Mayorga

  • 1Pedagogía en Educación Física. Facultad de Educación. Universidad Católica de Temuco. Temuco, Chile. fcaamano@educa.uct.cl.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
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Low physical activity is a major risk factor for childhood obesity. This study found that obese children have lower physical fitness, with waist-to-height ratio indicating cardiovascular risk.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Sports Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Low levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity are significant behavioral risk factors for childhood obesity.
  • Childhood obesity is a growing public health concern with long-term health implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the nutritional status and physical fitness of schoolchildren.
  • To compare these parameters by gender, obesity status, and physical performance.

Main Methods:

  • The study included 578 schoolchildren (308 boys, 270 girls) aged 10-11 years.
  • Evaluated parameters included body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (%BF), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and physical fitness tests.
  • Physical fitness was assessed using the National Physical Education Study tests from Chile's Quality Education Agency.
Keywords:
Sobrepeso. Obesidad. Escolares. Rendimiento físico. VO2MAX.

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Main Results:

  • Female students had a higher %BF (p < 0.001).
  • Obese students showed lower performance in abdominal, long jump, arm flexo-extension, and Navette tests (p < 0.001), with lower VO2MAX (p < 0.001).
  • Students needing improvement in 3 or 4 fitness tests had higher WHtR (p < 0.001) and %BF (p < 0.001), with a negative association between WHtR and VO2MAX (-0.543, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren.
  • Low physical fitness is significantly associated with obesity in this population.
  • High WHtR and %BF are linked to poorer physical fitness, with WHtR being a strong indicator of cardiovascular risk.