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Ana Beatriz De Abajo Larriba1, Ángel Díaz Rodríguez, Javier González-Gallego

  • 1Servicio de Anestesia. Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León. León. med015917@yahoo.es.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Preventive activities for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients in León are optimal, exceeding national averages. However, increasing pneumococcal vaccination coverage is crucial for better patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) management requires effective preventive strategies.
  • Assessing current preventive practices in COPD patients is essential for public health.
  • Understanding patient adherence to preventive measures informs clinical guidelines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the preventive activities undertaken by diagnosed COPD patients in León province.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for smoking cessation in COPD.
  • To assess vaccination rates and their impact on exacerbations in COPD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter, cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 30 health centers in León.
  • Included 833 patients over 35 years old diagnosed and treated for COPD.
Keywords:
EPOC. Tabaco. Ejercicio. Dieta equilibrada. Vacunación antineumocócica. Vacunación antigripal.

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  • Data collected included demographics, smoking history, nutritional status, physical activity, and vaccination status (influenza, pneumococcal).

    • Main Results:

    • 85.8% of the 833 patients were male, with an average age of 64.69 years and 20.65 years of COPD.
    • Smoking cessation interventions, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy with varenicline, showed a 29.86% abstinence rate in active smokers; 51.05% of all COPD patients quit smoking.
    • High adherence to prescribed exercise (73.67%), balanced diet (88.76%), and influenza vaccination (89.7%) was observed. Pneumococcal vaccination rates were 52.8% for VNP23 and 4.97% for VNC13.

    Conclusions:

    • Preventive activities among COPD patients in León are performed optimally, surpassing national averages.
    • While smoking cessation and lifestyle modifications are well-implemented, there is a significant need to improve pneumococcal vaccination coverage.
    • Higher influenza vaccination rates were noted in older and hospitalized patients, and unvaccinated individuals had a higher risk of hospitalization due to exacerbations.