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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

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An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and...
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Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

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Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin...
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Exercise Stress Test01:26

Exercise Stress Test

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Introduction
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
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Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

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The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
789
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice
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Common electrocardiogram variations pre- and post-marathon.

John P Martin-Beaulieu1, Karen M Myrick2, Thomas Martin3

  • 1Department of Nursing Quinnipiac University North Haven Campus, 370 Bassett Rd - Room 470M North Haven Connecticut 06473 USA.

Clinical Case Reports
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electrocardiographic changes are common in marathon runners but often benign. These findings, like incomplete right bundle branch block, can be mistaken for serious heart conditions by healthcare providers.

Keywords:
Arrhythmiaathlete's heartelectrocardiogrammarathon

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Athletes, particularly endurance athletes like marathon runners, exhibit unique physiological adaptations.
  • Electrocardiography (ECG) is a standard tool for assessing cardiac health.
  • Interpreting ECG findings in athletes requires specialized knowledge to differentiate normal adaptations from pathology.

Observation:

  • Marathon runners frequently present with specific electrocardiographic (ECG) findings.
  • These ECG patterns can mimic cardiac abnormalities.
  • Common findings include incomplete right bundle branch block, early ventricular repolarization, and voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy.

Findings:

  • The observed ECG changes in marathon runners are generally benign adaptations to intense training.
  • Incomplete right bundle branch block (iRBBB) is a common finding in athletes.
  • Early repolarization (ER) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by voltage criteria are also prevalent and typically not indicative of disease.

Implications:

  • Misinterpretation of these benign ECG findings can lead to unnecessary investigations and patient anxiety.
  • Healthcare providers need to be aware of athlete's heart ECG patterns.
  • Distinguishing physiological adaptations from pathological conditions is crucial for appropriate clinical management of athletes.