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Nitrogen Sources Screening for Ethanol Production Using Carob Industrial Wastes.

S Raposo¹, A Constantino², F Rodrigues²

¹Center for Marine and Environmental Research - CIMA, University of Algarve - Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. sraposo@ualg.pt.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology

|October 21, 2016

Summary

This study explored cost-effective bioethanol production from carob residues using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Urea proved to be an economical nitrogen source, achieving high ethanol yields and concentrations for sustainable biofuel production.

Keywords:

2nd-generation bioethanol Carob Economic analysis Industrial plant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Waste

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Renewable Energy
Biochemical Engineering

Background:

Bioethanol production is crucial for alternative energy but faces cost challenges, especially for 2nd-generation processes.
Optimizing yield and concentration using low-cost inputs is key for economic feasibility.
Carob residues represent an underutilized renewable resource for biofuel production.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate cost-effective bioethanol production from carob residues.
To identify optimal nitrogen sources for high ethanol yield and productivity.
To assess the economic viability of a carob-based bioethanol biorefinery.

Main Methods:

Batch fermentation of high-density sugar from carob residues using Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Comparison of various organic (yeast extract, peptone, urea) and inorganic (ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate) nitrogen sources.
Process simulation using SuperPro Design software.

Main Results:

Urea at 3 g/l was identified as a highly promising and economical nitrogen source.
Achieved an ethanol yield of 44% (w/w), near the theoretical maximum.
Reached an ethanol concentration of 115 g/l in stirred tank reactor (STR) batch fermentation.
Simulation indicated a competitive cost for bioethanol production from carob waste.

Conclusions:

Urea is a cost-effective and sustainable nitrogen source for industrial bioethanol production from carob.
Carob waste valorization through bioethanol biorefineries offers a promising endogenous resource solution.
The process demonstrates potential for competitive bioethanol production costs.