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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

O-Ring Aortic Banding Versus Traditional Transverse Aortic Constriction for Modeling Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy

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Acute resistance exercise using free weights on aortic wave reflection characteristics.

Yu Lun Tai¹, Hayden Gerhart¹, Xián Mayo¹

¹Cardiovascular Dynamics Laboratory, Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.

Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging

|October 21, 2016

Summary

Acute resistance exercise using free weights significantly alters aortic wave reflection characteristics, including augmentation index and wasted left ventricular pressure energy. However, it does not appear to affect aortic or brachial blood pressure in resistance-trained individuals.

Keywords:

augmentation index blood pressure haemodynamics myocardial workload powerlifting

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Area of Science:

Cardiovascular Physiology
Exercise Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Aortic wave reflection characteristics, such as augmentation index (AIx) and wasted left ventricular pressure energy (ΔEw), are crucial predictors of cardiovascular events.
The impact of acute resistance exercise (ARE) with free weights on these aortic haemodynamics remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of acute free-weight resistance exercise on aortic wave reflection characteristics and haemodynamics in resistance-trained individuals.
To compare these effects against a quiet control condition.

Main Methods:

Fifteen young, healthy, resistance-trained individuals participated in a randomized crossover study.
Participants underwent two sessions: acute resistance exercise (ARE) involving squat, bench press, and deadlift, or a quiet control (CON).
Aortic haemodynamics and wave reflection characteristics were measured before and 10 minutes after each session.

Main Results:

ARE significantly increased augmentation pressure, AIx, AIx normalized at 75 bpm, and ΔEw compared to baseline and CON.
A significant decrease in the transit time of the reflected wave was observed following ARE.
No significant changes were found in aortic or brachial blood pressures between conditions.

Conclusions:

Acute resistance exercise utilizing free-weight exercises can significantly alter key aortic wave reflection characteristics in resistance-trained individuals.
These alterations in wave reflection dynamics occur without significant changes in central or brachial blood pressure.
Further research is warranted to understand the long-term cardiovascular implications of these exercise-induced haemodynamic changes.