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Debris Evaluation after Root Canal Shaping with Rotating and Reciprocating Single-File Systems
Alberto Dagna1, Giulia Gastaldo2, Riccardo Beltrami3
1Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 3, Pavia 27100, Italy. alberto.dagna@unipv.it.
Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|October 21, 2016
Summary
Rotating single-file nickel-titanium (NiTi) systems were more effective than reciprocating systems in cleaning root canals, leaving less debris and smear layer. The apical third consistently retained more debris regardless of the NiTi system used.
Area of Science:
- Endodontics
- Dental Materials Science
- Biomaterials
Background:
- Root canal preparation aims to remove debris and smear layer for effective disinfection.
- Nickel-titanium (NiTi) single-file systems offer efficiency but their effectiveness in cleaning varies.
- Reciprocating and rotating motion kinematics may influence dentine surface cleanliness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effectiveness of two reciprocating and two rotating single-file NiTi systems in removing smear layer and debris.
- To evaluate the patency of dentinal tubules after preparation with different NiTi systems.
- To assess the influence of preparation technique on root canal cleanliness in coronal, middle, and apical thirds.
Main Methods:
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of root canal dentine surfaces from 48 teeth.
- Shaping with OneShape, F6 SkyTaper (reciprocating), WaveOne, and Reciproc (rotating) NiTi systems.
- Irrigation with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA, followed by scoring for smear layer and open tubules.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in debris and smear layer scores among NiTi systems (P < 0.05).
- Reciprocating systems generated significantly more debris and smear layer than rotating systems.
- The apical third of the root canals showed higher debris and smear layer accumulation irrespective of the system used.
Conclusions:
- Single-file NiTi systems used in continuous rotation demonstrated superior cleaning efficacy compared to reciprocating systems.
- Rotating systems were more effective in removing smear layer and debris, leaving cleaner root canal walls.
- Further research may explore optimized irrigation or activation techniques to improve cleaning with reciprocating systems.
