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Drinks containing anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant extract decrease postprandial blood glucose, insulin and incretin

Monica L Castro-Acosta1, Leanne Smith1, Rosalind J Miller2

  • 1Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
|October 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blackcurrant extract significantly reduced blood glucose and insulin levels after a high-carbohydrate meal. This suggests that blackcurrant polyphenols may offer cardio-metabolic health benefits.

Keywords:
AnthocyaninsBerriesIncretinsInsulinPolyphenolsPostprandial glycemiaRandomized controlled trial

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Metabolic Health
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Blackcurrants are rich in anthocyanins, potent polyphenols with potential health benefits.
  • Postprandial hyperglycemia is a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Anthocyanins may inhibit postprandial glycemia through various mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dose-dependent effects of blackcurrant extract on postprandial glucose, insulin, and incretin responses.
  • To assess the impact of blackcurrant extract on oxidative stress and arterial stiffness.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial involving 23 participants (14 men, 9 women).
  • Administration of low-sugar fruit drinks with varying doses of blackcurrant extract (150mg, 300mg, 600mg anthocyanins) or placebo before a high-carbohydrate meal.
  • Measurement of plasma glucose, insulin, GIP, GLP-1, 8-isoprostane F2α, and digital volume pulse (arterial stiffness).

Main Results:

  • The highest dose of blackcurrant extract (H-BE, 600mg anthocyanins) significantly reduced early plasma glucose and insulin concentrations compared to placebo.
  • H-BE also significantly reduced plasma GIP concentrations and showed a reduction in GLP-1 at 90 minutes.
  • No significant effects were observed on 8-isoprostane F2α or arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:

  • Blackcurrant extract, particularly at higher doses, can effectively lower postprandial glycemia and insulinemia.
  • The observed reduction in incretin hormones suggests a potential mechanism for improved glucose control.
  • Incorporating blackcurrant polyphenols into the diet may contribute to cardio-metabolic health benefits.