Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

49.6K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
49.6K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

13.7K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
13.7K
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

1.0K
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
1.0K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

13.7K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
13.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Locust density shapes energy metabolism and oxidative stress resulting in divergence of flight traits.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2021
Same author

The Association between Fast Food Outlets and Overweight in Adolescents Is Confounded by Neighbourhood Deprivation: A Longitudinal Analysis of the Millennium Cohort Study.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2021
Same author

24-Hour Physical Behavior Balance for Better Health for All: "The Sweet-Spot Hypothesis".

Sports medicine - open·2021
Same author

Is Olfactory Impairment Associated With 10-year Mortality Mediating by Neurodegenerative Diseases in Older Adults? The Four-Way Decomposition Analysis.

Frontiers in public health·2021
Same author

Effects of Motion-Relevant Knowledge From Unlabeled Video to Human-Object Interaction Detection.

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems·2021
Same author

Higher one-year achievement rate of serum phosphate associated with lower cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients.

BMC nephrology·2021

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.2K

Association between olfactory identification and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly: the Shanghai aging

Xiaoniu Liang1,2,3,4, Ding Ding5,6, Qianhua Zhao1,4

  • 1Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Neurosciences, Shanghai, 200040, China.

BMC Neurology
|October 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Reduced sense of smell, or olfactory identification (OI), is linked to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. This finding suggests OI could be an early indicator of cognitive decline.

Keywords:
Community-based studyElderlyMild cognitive impairmentOlfactory identification

More Related Videos

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.9K
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

10.2K
Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice
06:40

Simple and Computer-assisted Olfactory Testing for Mice

Published on: June 15, 2015

10.9K
Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease
07:27

Olfactory Assays for Mouse Models of Neurodegenerative Disease

Published on: August 25, 2014

22.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Reduced sense of smell is a potential early warning sign for neurodegenerative diseases.
  • The Shanghai Aging Study investigated the link between olfactory identification (OI) and cognitive function in Chinese elderly.
  • Olfactory dysfunction may precede cognitive decline in aging populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between olfactory identification (OI) and cognitive function in community-dwelling elderly individuals in China.
  • To determine if reduced OI is an independent risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Main Methods:

  • Olfactory identification (OI) was assessed using the 12-item Sniffin' Sticks Screening Test (SSST-12).
  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was diagnosed based on Petersen criteria.
  • Logistic regression analysis was employed, adjusting for potential confounders like age, gender, education, lifestyle, medical history, and Apolipoprotein E genotype.

Main Results:

  • Out of 1782 non-demented participants, 345 (19.4%) were diagnosed with MCI.
  • Participants with MCI had significantly lower mean OI scores (7.1 ± 2.3) compared to those with normal cognition (8.2 ± 2.0).
  • Lower OI scores were independently associated with MCI (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.11-1.27) after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Poor olfactory identification (OI) is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly population.
  • OI may serve as a reliable early marker for predicting cognitive function decline.
  • Further longitudinal research is warranted to confirm OI's predictive value for cognitive impairment.