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Preparation of Samples for Electron Microscopy

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The Effect of Different Cleaning Protocols on Post Space: A SEM Study.

Giuseppe Lo Giudice¹, Angelo Lizio¹, Roberto Lo Giudice²

¹Medical Sciences and Odontostomatology Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

International Journal of Dentistry

|October 22, 2016

Summary

Ultrasonic activation significantly enhances post-space irrigation protocols, effectively removing the smear layer. This method proves superior to non-activated irrigation for better root canal cleanliness.

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Area of Science:

Endodontics
Dental Materials Science

Background:

Effective post-space preparation is crucial for successful endodontic treatment.
The smear layer can impede the sealing of post spaces, potentially leading to bacterial leakage.
Various irrigation protocols exist, but their comparative efficacy in smear layer removal requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate and compare the efficiency of different post-space irrigation protocols in removing the smear layer.
To assess the impact of ultrasonic activation on irrigation efficacy.
To analyze smear layer removal across coronal, middle, and apical root canal thirds.

Main Methods:

28 endodontically treated single-rooted teeth were divided into four groups.
Irrigation protocols included EDTA, 37% orthophosphoric acid, and a combination with ultrasonic activation.
Smear layer presence was analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and scored qualitatively.

Main Results:

The protocol combining EDTA and orthophosphoric acid with ultrasonic activation (Group C) showed the best results (mean score 0.81 ± 0.72).
Non-activated protocols (Groups A, B, and D) exhibited higher mean scores, indicating less effective smear layer removal.
Smear layer presence decreased from the coronal to the apical region.

Conclusions:

Different post-space irrigation treatments significantly impact dentinal surface cleanliness.
Ultrasonic activation is essential for maximizing the cleansing efficacy of endodontic irrigants.
The effectiveness of irrigation varies across different zones within the root canal.