Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Life Tables01:22

Life Tables

603
A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
603
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

18.9K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
18.9K
Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

Toxicity Testing in Animals

94
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
94
Hazard Rate01:11

Hazard Rate

469
The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
469
Actuarial Approach01:20

Actuarial Approach

353
The actuarial approach, a statistical method originally developed for life insurance risk assessment, is widely used to calculate survival rates in clinical and population studies. This method accounts for participants lost to follow-up or those who die from causes unrelated to the study, ensuring a more accurate representation of survival probabilities.
Consider the example of a high-risk surgical procedure with significant early-stage mortality. A two-year clinical study is conducted,...
353

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Talc Exposure and Risk of Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Limited Evidence on Cervical and Endometrial Cancers.

Cancers·2026
Same author

‌Biomarkers of opioids, volatile organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer incidence among opium users.

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology·2026
Same author

Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Former Smokers by Subsite: A Multicenter Analysis From the INHANCE Consortium.

International journal of cancer·2026
Same author

Digital Tools' Effectiveness on Physical Activity Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: Umbrella Review.

JMIR public health and surveillance·2026
Same author

The association between waterpipe smoking and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter case-control study in Iran.

International journal of cancer·2025
Same author

Effectiveness of Occupational Health Promotion Programs on Cardiometabolic risk factors: A Systematic Review and Three-Level Meta-Analysis.

La Medicina del lavoro·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
03:20

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

2.2K

A mortality study of beryllium workers.

Paolo Boffetta1, Tiffani A Fordyce2, Jack S Mandel2

  • 1Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.

Cancer Medicine
|October 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mortality from lung cancer was not elevated in beryllium-exposed workers. However, soluble beryllium exposure, particularly before 1955, was linked to increased lung cancer and chronic beryllium disease risks.

Keywords:
Berylliumlung cancermortalityretrospective cohort

More Related Videos

A Silicosis Mouse Model Established by Repeated Inhalation of Crystalline Silica Dust
10:45

A Silicosis Mouse Model Established by Repeated Inhalation of Crystalline Silica Dust

Published on: January 6, 2023

3.0K
Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
07:54

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Published on: December 21, 2019

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation
03:20

Studying Chronic Exposure of Mice to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Published on: August 19, 2025

2.2K
A Silicosis Mouse Model Established by Repeated Inhalation of Crystalline Silica Dust
10:45

A Silicosis Mouse Model Established by Repeated Inhalation of Crystalline Silica Dust

Published on: January 6, 2023

3.0K
Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
07:54

Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice

Published on: December 21, 2019

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Toxicology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Beryllium exposure is a known occupational hazard.
  • The solubility of beryllium compounds may influence health outcomes.
  • Previous studies have shown varied associations between beryllium exposure and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate mortality patterns among beryllium-exposed workers.
  • To assess the impact of beryllium compound solubility on lung cancer and chronic beryllium disease risk.
  • To identify specific exposure periods or conditions associated with increased mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Historical cohort study of 16,115 workers across 15 facilities (1925-2008).
  • Facilities categorized by exposure to insoluble or soluble/mixed beryllium compounds.
  • Mortality follow-up until 2011, analyzed using indirect standardization and Cox regression.

Main Results:

  • Overall lung cancer standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was 1.02; 0.88 for insoluble, 1.09 for soluble/mixed beryllium.
  • Lung cancer risk associated with hire period in soluble/mixed plants, especially for those hired before 1955.
  • Increased chronic beryllium disease mortality observed in workers hired before 1955 in soluble/mixed facilities.

Conclusions:

  • No overall increase in lung cancer mortality in the cohort.
  • Soluble beryllium exposure, particularly for early hires, poses a higher risk for lung cancer and chronic beryllium disease.
  • Insoluble beryllium exposure did not show increased lung cancer mortality.