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Equine mastitis--a review of 28 cases
1Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Davis, California.
Abstract:
Mastitis was diagnosed in 28 mares. Cytological evaluation of milk samples showed large numbers of neutrophils in 72 per cent and bacteria in 33 per cent. Aerobic bacteria were cultured from 71 per cent of samples. Streptococcus zooepidemicus was the most common isolate (37 per cent). Gram-negative species accounted for 42 per cent. Determination of the probability for antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from mares with mastitis indicated that a trimethoprim-sulphonamide combination would be active against more than 75 per cent of isolates while penicillin would be active against less than 60 per cent. Systemic antibiotics, frequent milking, hotpacks and/or hydrotherapy and, if possible, infusion of an intramammary antibiotic preparation is recommended for treatment of equine mastitis.
Insights
Mastitis in mares often involves neutrophils and bacteria, with Streptococcus zooepidemicus being common. Trimethoprim-sulphonamide offers better antimicrobial activity than penicillin for treating equine mastitis.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Equine Health
- Microbiology
Background:
- Mastitis is a significant concern in equine populations.
- Bacterial infections are a primary cause of equine mastitis.
- Understanding causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility is crucial for effective treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To diagnose mastitis in mares.
- To identify common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.
- To guide treatment strategies for equine mastitis.
Main Methods:
- Cytological evaluation of mare milk samples.
- Aerobic bacterial culture and identification.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial isolates.
Main Results:
- Mastitis diagnosed in 28 mares.
- Neutrophils and bacteria identified in 72% and 33% of samples, respectively.
- Streptococcus zooepidemicus (37%) and Gram-negative species (42%) were common isolates.
- Trimethoprim-sulphonamide showed higher predicted activity (>75%) than penicillin (<60%).
Conclusions:
- Bacterial culture and susceptibility testing are vital for equine mastitis.
- Trimethoprim-sulphonamide is a recommended antimicrobial for mastitis treatment in mares.
- A combination of systemic antibiotics, supportive care, and intramammary therapy is advised.
