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Related Concept Videos

Sanger Sequencing01:57

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DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
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The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
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Sequencing of mRNA from Whole Blood using Nanopore Sequencing
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Barcoding the food chain: from Sanger to high-throughput sequencing.

Joanne E Littlefair1,1, Elizabeth L Clare1,1

  • 1School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London. Mile End Rd., London, E1 4NS, UK.

Genome
|October 22, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

DNA barcoding and metabarcoding offer powerful tools for tracking species and biodiversity in agriculture. These DNA technologies enhance food safety and security by identifying pests and ensuring food traceability.

Keywords:
DNA barcodingagricultureagro-ecosystemsagro-écosystèmescodage à barres de l’ADNfoodmetabarcodingmétacodage à barresnourriture

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Global food chains face challenges in balancing biodiversity support with food security.
  • Increased human mobility introduces invasive species, pests, and parasites, complicating agro-industry.
  • DNA barcoding and metabarcoding provide advanced methods for species identification and biodiversity assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the current applications of DNA barcoding in agriculture.
  • To discuss the challenges and potential of DNA barcoding for food chain security.
  • To explore the use of DNA barcoding from agro-ecosystems to the consumer level.

Main Methods:

  • DNA barcoding for individual species identification.
  • Metabarcoding using universal primers and high-throughput sequencing for mixed sample diversity.
  • Forensic evaluation of environmental DNA for pest tracing.

Main Results:

  • DNA barcoding successfully identifies species and assesses diversity in complex samples.
  • Applications include detecting market substitutions, tracing pests, and monitoring livestock parasites.
  • The potential for enhancing food chain security is significant.

Conclusions:

  • DNA barcoding and metabarcoding are valuable tools for agricultural applications.
  • Challenges in regulation and experimental validation need to be addressed for wider adoption.
  • These DNA technologies hold promise for improving food safety and traceability across the entire food chain.