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Occupational exposure to Streptococcus suis type 2.

I D Robertson1, D K Blackmore

  • 1Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

Epidemiology and Infection
|August 1, 1989
PubMed
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Antibody titres to Streptococcus suis type 2 were measured in New Zealand. Pig farmers showed the highest seropositivity, indicating frequent subclinical infections with this zoonotic bacteria.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Zoonotic Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis type 2 is a significant bacterial pathogen in pigs.
  • Zoonotic transmission to humans can occur through occupational exposure.
  • Understanding human exposure and immune response is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of antibody titres to Streptococcus suis type 2 in occupational groups in New Zealand.
  • To investigate the association between occupational contact and seropositivity.
  • To assess the potential for subclinical zoonotic infection.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure antibody titres.
  • Four occupational groups were studied: veterinary students, dairy farmers, meat inspectors, and pig farmers.

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  • Seropositivity rates were compared across groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Seropositivity rates varied: 0% in veterinary students, 9% in dairy farmers, 10% in meat inspectors, and 21% in pig farmers.
    • Antibody development was linked to occupational contact with pigs or their products.
    • Subclinical infections appear common, with short-duration antibody production.

    Conclusions:

    • Occupational exposure to pigs or pork products leads to Streptococcus suis type 2 antibody development in humans.
    • Subclinical infections are frequent in pig farmers, with an estimated annual seroconversion incidence of 28%.
    • Streptococcus suis type 2 is a highly infectious, potentially zoonotic agent in New Zealand, rarely causing clinical disease.