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Decolonization and life expectancy in the Caribbean.

Soraya P A Verstraeten1, Hans A M van Oers2, Johan P Mackenbach3

  • 1Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Public Health (VIC), Ministry of Public Health, Environment and Nature, Willemstad, Curaçao.

Social Science & Medicine (1982)
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PubMed
Summary

Decolonization in the Caribbean led to lower life expectancy growth in sovereign states compared to affiliated ones. This widening gap is not driven by economic changes but potentially by weakened bureaucracies post-independence.

Keywords:
CaribbeanDecolonizationIndependenceLife expectancyPolitical transitionPoliticsState formation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Political Science

Background:

  • Decolonization granted political independence to Caribbean states in the late 20th century, while others maintained affiliation.
  • Prior research suggested affiliated status positively impacted population health, possibly linked to economic development.
  • Disparities in life expectancy between sovereign and affiliated Caribbean states warrant investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the evolution of life expectancy disparities between sovereign and affiliated Caribbean states.
  • To determine if decolonization coincided with changes in life expectancy and GDP per capita trends.
  • To explore the relationship between political status, economic performance, and population health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized time-series data on life expectancy, GDP per capita, and political status (1950-2010).
  • Quantified life expectancy variations based on current political status.
  • Employed joinpoint analyses to assess trend changes in life expectancy and GDP per capita around decolonization periods.

Main Results:

  • Sovereign Caribbean states exhibited lower life expectancy than affiliated states even before independence.
  • Decolonization correlated with reduced life expectancy growth, but not economic growth.
  • The life expectancy gap widened significantly in the 1990s and continues to increase, independent of economic performance.

Conclusions:

  • Life expectancy in sovereign Caribbean states increasingly lags behind affiliated states, despite overall gains.
  • Economic conditions do not appear to be the primary driver of unfavorable life expectancy trends post-decolonization.
  • Weakening of state bureaucracies during decolonization may explain the divergent life expectancy trends.