Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
09:20

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Published on: February 13, 2021

7.1K

Evolving therapies for the management of chronic and acute decompensated heart failure

Jennifer C Cook1, Richard H Tran2, J Herbert Patterson2

  • 1Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
|October 23, 2016
PubMed

Insights

New pharmacologic agents offer improved outcomes for heart failure (HF) management, reducing mortality and hospitalizations. Careful patient selection and optimization of existing therapies are crucial for integrating these advancements in HF treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health burden with high mortality and hospitalization rates despite traditional therapies.
  • Existing guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) include ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, and ARNIs, yet outcomes are suboptimal.
  • There is a critical need for novel pharmacologic agents to improve management of chronic and acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and safety profiles of emerging therapies for HF and ADHF.
  • To review recently approved and investigational drugs for heart failure.
  • To emphasize the importance of patient selection and integration of new therapies with existing GDMT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data and FDA-approved/under-review therapeutic compounds.
  • Analysis of efficacy and safety data for novel heart failure medications.
  • Discussion of ongoing research and future directions in pharmacologic HF management.

Main Results:

  • Sacubitril-valsartan has shown significant benefits in reducing cardiovascular mortality and HF hospitalizations.
  • Ivabradine and ferric carboxymaltose have demonstrated efficacy in reducing HF-related hospitalizations.
  • Serelaxin is under investigation for ADHF, with other agents like bucindolol hydrochloride and omecamtiv mecarbil also in development.

Conclusions:

  • New agents like sacubitril-valsartan, ivabradine, and ferric carboxymaltose represent advancements in HF treatment.
  • Optimizing current GDMT alongside careful patient selection is essential for maximizing benefits of new therapies.
  • Continuous monitoring of emerging literature and clinical trial results is vital for optimal application of novel HF therapies.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing12:45

Benefits of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in an Asynchronous Heart Failure Model Induced by Left Bundle Branch Ablation and Rapid Pacing

Published on: December 11, 2017

11.1K
Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine10:08

Tachycardia-Induced Cardiomyopathy As a Chronic Heart Failure Model in Swine

Published on: February 17, 2018

14.1K

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
455
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
496
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
1.3K
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
571
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
510
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
1.2K