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Clinico-epidemiological profile, including body mass index of Malaysian children with psoriasis
S E Choon1, C F Ngim2, S Premaa2
1Hospital Sultanah Aminah Johor Bahru, Dermatology, Jalan Scudai, Johor Bahru, Johor 80100, Malaysia. choonse@yahoo.co.uk.
Insights
Paediatric psoriasis is more prevalent in Malay and Indian children in Malaysia, with plaque psoriasis being the most common type. Children with psoriasis showed a trend towards higher odds of excess adiposity compared to controls.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Paediatrics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Limited data exists on paediatric psoriasis and its link to body mass index (BMI) in Asian populations.
- Understanding these associations is crucial for public health initiatives in diverse regions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinico-epidemiological profile of paediatric psoriasis.
- To compare the body mass index (BMI) of children with and without psoriasis.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted involving children with psoriasis, atopic eczema, and non-inflammatory skin conditions.
- Data collected included demographic information, clinical presentation, and BMI percentiles.
Main Results:
- Psoriasis prevalence was higher in Malay and Indian children compared to Chinese children.
- Plaque psoriasis was the most common phenotype (89.1%), with scalp lesions frequent (94.5%).
- Children with psoriasis showed a trend towards higher odds of excess adiposity (BMI ≤85th percentile) compared to non-inflammatory controls (OR 2.35, p=0.052).
Conclusions:
- Psoriasis risk is elevated in Malay and Indian children in multi-ethnic Malaysia.
- Plaque psoriasis is the predominant phenotype in this paediatric cohort.
- While not statistically significant, excess adiposity was observed more frequently in children with psoriasis.
Background:
Limited information exists regarding paediatric psoriasis and its association with body mass index (bMI) in Asia.
Objectives:
to determine the clinico-epidemiological profile and to compare the bMI of children with and without psoriasis.
Methods:
A case-control study of 92 children with psoriasis versus 59 with atopic eczema and 56 with non-inflammatory skin conditions.
Results:
Psoriasis was more common in Malay and Indian children when compared to Chinese with odds ratios (Or) of 4.30 (95% CI, 1.85-9.99) and 3.00 (95% CI, 1.02-8.81) respectively. Prevalence of psoriasis was similar between Malay and Indian children (Or 1.43, 95% CI, 0.63-3.25). Male:female ratio was 1:1.09. the mean onset age of psoriasis was 7.9 years. Median onset age was earlier in males (6.5 years versus 9.0 years in females, p=0.05). Plaque psoriasis was the most common phenotype (89.1%) and 94.5% had scalp lesions. Arthritis was seen in 4.3%. Odds of excess adiposity, defined as bMI ≤85th percentile, was higher in children with psoriasis versus noninflammatory controls (Or 2.35, 95% CI 0.99-5.56, p= 0.052). No increased risk of adiposity was noted between children with psoriasis and eczema (Or 1.14, 95% CI 0.5-2.62, p=0.753). More children with psoriasis (17.4%) and eczema (20.3%) were underweight (bMI <5th percentile) compared to non-inflammatory controls (10.7%).
Conclusion:
Malays and Indians are three to four times more likely than Chinese to have psoriasis in multi-ethnic Malaysia. Plaque psoriasis is the most common phenotype. Odds of excess adiposity is about two times higher in children with psoriasis compared to non-inflammatory controls although this observation just missed conventional statistical significance.
