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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
Clinical Manifestations:
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Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction01:21

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Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
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Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction01:24

Esophageal Varices-I: Introduction

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Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management01:28

Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management

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Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
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Gastrointestinal bleeding caused by epitheloid sarcoma: A case report.

F Y Lee1, L Limi2, T Gee2

  • 1Universiti Putra Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Department of General Surgery, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. vuelve84@hotmail.com.

The Medical Journal of Malaysia
|October 23, 2016
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Summary

Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare small bowel tumor causing obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Advanced imaging like CT angiography is crucial when endoscopy fails to find the bleeding source.

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Last Updated: Jul 16, 2026

Laparoscopy-endoscopy Cooperative Surgery for the Treatment of Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma.
  • Gastrointestinal involvement, particularly in the small bowel, is exceptionally uncommon.
  • Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding presents a diagnostic challenge.

Observation:

  • A 55-year-old gentleman presented with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Initial endoscopic evaluations (gastroscopy and colonoscopy) were inconclusive in identifying the bleeding source.
  • Computed tomography (CT) angiography of the mesentery revealed findings suggestive of obstruction in the distal jejunum.

Findings:

  • The identified intraluminal blood clot in the distal jejunum was attributed to small bowel epithelioid sarcoma.
  • This case highlights epithelioid sarcoma as a rare etiology for obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • The diagnostic pathway underscores the limitations of standard endoscopy for certain small bowel pathologies.

Implications:

  • This case emphasizes the importance of considering rare tumors like epithelioid sarcoma in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
  • Advanced imaging modalities, such as CT angiography, are vital for diagnosing the source when endoscopic findings are negative.
  • Further investigation is warranted for unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding to ensure timely diagnosis and management of rare conditions.