Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:27

Redox Reactions

1.3K
Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
1.3K
Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

59.2K
Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
59.2K
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

4.6K
Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
4.6K
Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

9.9K
Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
The removal of an electron from a molecule, results in a...
9.9K
Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂01:29

Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂

18.6K
The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
18.6K
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

19.4K
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
19.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sulforaphane Pre-Treatment Improves Alveolar Macrophage Killing After Alcohol-Induced Phagocytic Dysfunction In Vitro and in <i>Galleria mellonella</i> Larvae.

Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Role of reactive oxygen species in mediating peripheral hypoxic vasodilation and sympathoexcitation at high altitude.

The Journal of physiology·2025
Same author

Sulforaphane improves exercise-induced NRF2 signaling in older adults: an in vivo-ex vivo approach.

GeroScience·2025
Same author

Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Presenting as Acute Bilateral Facial Nerve Paralysis.

The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology·2025
Same author

Long-term effects of acute hazardous noise on auditory and non-auditory organs.

Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A·2025
Same author

Bioavailable Sulforaphane Quantitation in Plasma by LC-MS/MS Is Enhanced by Blocking Thiols.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

15.1K

Nrf2 mediates redox adaptations to exercise.

Aaron J Done1, Tinna Traustadóttir1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.

Redox Biology
|October 23, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Regular exercise activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), enhancing antioxidant defenses against oxidative stress. This review summarizes how exercise, both acute and regular, influences Nrf2 signaling for systemic health benefits.

Keywords:
Acute exerciseCell signalingHO-1NFE2L2Phase II enzymesReactive oxygen speciesRegular exerciseSOD

More Related Videos

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
11:05

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: July 7, 2014

38.3K
Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species Using 2&#8242;,7&#8242;-Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Probe and Flow-Cytometry in M&#252;ller Glial Cells
14:25

Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species Using 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Probe and Flow-Cytometry in Müller Glial Cells

Published on: May 13, 2022

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

15.1K
Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
11:05

Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos

Published on: July 7, 2014

38.3K
Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species Using 2&#8242;,7&#8242;-Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Probe and Flow-Cytometry in M&#252;ller Glial Cells
14:25

Quantification of Reactive Oxygen Species Using 2′,7′-Dichlorofluorescein Diacetate Probe and Flow-Cytometry in Müller Glial Cells

Published on: May 13, 2022

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cellular signaling

Background:

  • Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator of cellular antioxidant and detoxification genes.
  • Oxidative stress is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes.
  • Exercise is known to induce adaptive responses that combat oxidative stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the impact of acute and regular exercise on Nrf2 activity.
  • To explore the downstream targets of Nrf2 signaling in response to exercise.
  • To elucidate the role of Nrf2 in mediating the systemic benefits of exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating exercise and Nrf2 signaling.
  • Analysis of data from human and animal studies.
  • Examination of Nrf2 activation and downstream gene expression changes.

Main Results:

  • Acute exercise bouts transiently increase oxidative stress, activating Nrf2.
  • Regular exercise leads to sustained upregulation of antioxidant defenses via Nrf2.
  • Nrf2 activation by exercise occurs in multiple tissues, contributing to systemic effects.

Conclusions:

  • Nrf2 signaling is a critical mechanism through which exercise confers protection against oxidative stress.
  • Exercise-induced Nrf2 activation enhances endogenous antioxidant capacity.
  • Findings suggest Nrf2 modulation by exercise may be a therapeutic target for health improvement.