Application of the Harms Technique to Treat Undiagnosed Intractable C1-C2 Unilateral Neck Pain: A Case Report

A 79-year-old female presented with incapacitating chronic neck pain. The patient's pain which was greatest on the left side persisted for 18 months and was described as stabbing in nature (10/10 intensity). In addition to her neck pain, the patient described having frequent headaches. After six weeks of physical therapy and undergoing a rhizotomy procedure, she showed no prolonged improvement. An epidural steroid injection provided only temporary pain relief and was followed by a successful posterior fusion using the Harms technique with iliac crest autogenous bone grafting and placement of polyaxial screws in the C1 lateral masses and C2 pedicles. At the one-year follow-up the patient reported no pain or complaints. In general, C1-C2 arthrodesis is a surgical challenge due to the proximity of neurovascular structures (vertebral arteries and spinal cord) and wide range of the joint motion. The Harms technique is one of many techniques developed to reduce anatomical risk and improve results related to biomechanical stability and fusion rates.