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Engineering three dimensional micro nerve tissue using postnatal stem cells from human dental apical papilla.

Byung-Chul Kim1, Sung-Min Jun1,2, So Yeon Kim1

  • 1Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Seoul, Korea.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|October 25, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel method to create 3D nerve-like tissue from postnatal stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). This engineered nerve tissue shows potential for neural tissue regeneration and studying stem cell differentiation.

Keywords:
bioreactorcell spheroiddental apical papillamicro nerve tissueneural differentiationpostnatal stem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • 3D organotypic cultures are established for pluripotent stem cells but not for therapeutically relevant human postnatal stem cells.
  • Neural tissue regeneration and modeling stem cell differentiation require advanced in vitro models.
  • Postnatal stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) originate from neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a novel in vitro culture strategy for generating 3D nerve-like tissue from human postnatal stem cells (SCAPs).
  • To investigate the neural differentiation potential of SCAPs under specific culture conditions.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of creating functional, cell-based 3D nerve tissue for therapeutic and research applications.

Main Methods:

  • SCAPs were expanded ex vivo in the presence of EGF and bFGF to generate a neural progenitor population.
  • SCAPs were induced to differentiate into neural cells, confirmed by molecular, gene expression, morphological, and electrophysiological analyses.
  • A bioprocess integrating polyethylene glycol (PEG) microwell-based spheroid formation and high aspect ratio vessel (HARV) bioreactor culture was employed for 3D organotypic culture.

Main Results:

  • SCAPs successfully differentiated into neural cells exhibiting neural lineage markers and functional properties.
  • The integrated bioprocess yielded 3D cell-based nerve-like tissue with organized axons and myelin structures.
  • This study presents the first evidence of generating such tissue from SCAPs using 3D organotypic culture.

Conclusions:

  • A novel culture strategy enables the in vitro generation of 3D engineered nerve tissue from SCAPs.
  • This approach provides a foundation for studying postnatal stem cell neural differentiation.
  • The engineered nerve tissue holds promise for neural tissue regeneration and disease modeling.