Immune response in virus model structured by cell infection-age
1Mathematics Department, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, United States.
Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering : MBE
|October 25, 2016
Summary
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses control HIV by recognizing infected cells. Early recognition enhances viral control and can cause sustained oscillations in immune dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Mathematical Biology
- Immunology
- Virology
Background:
- Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) immune responses are crucial for controlling HIV infection.
- CTLs can recognize HIV-infected cells at different stages, impacting immune response efficacy.
- Epitope presentation kinetics and immune recognition timing influence CTL effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model the coupled within-host population dynamics of HIV and CTL immune response.
- To incorporate cell infection-age structure and age-dependent immune response rates into a PDE-ODE system.
- To analyze the impact of early immune recognition on viral control and immune dynamics.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing semigroup theory to characterize system solutions.
- Determining equilibria and reproduction numbers.
- Proving stability and persistence results for the model.
Main Results:
- Early immune recognition leads to enhanced viral control.
- Early recognition precipitates sustained oscillations through a Hopf bifurcation.
- Considering age-dependent immune process rates can result in multiple distinct immune effector populations.
Conclusions:
- Age-structured modeling provides insights into HIV-CTL dynamics.
- Early CTL recognition is a key factor in viral suppression and can induce complex immune oscillations.
- Age-dependent immune responses contribute to the diversity of effector populations.
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