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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Published on: February 19, 2017

Injuries and home advantage in the NFL.

Marshall B Jones¹

¹Professor and Chairman Emeritus, Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA USA.

|October 26, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Increased awareness of football concussions coincided with a shift in home advantage trends in the NFL. This study explores how player injuries, influenced by game number, may explain the changing home advantage dynamics.

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Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Modified Drop Tower Impact Tests for American Football Helmets

Published on: February 19, 2017

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

Objectively Assessing Sports Concussion Utilizing Visual Evoked Potentials

Objectively Assessing Sports Concussion Utilizing Visual Evoked Potentials

Published on: April 27, 2021

Area of Science:

Sports Science
Neurology
Sports Analytics

Background:

Growing awareness in the early 2000s highlighted the severe long-term consequences of concussions in the National Football League (NFL).
Previously underestimated, the cumulative impact of head injuries on player health became a significant concern for players, fans, and the public.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the temporal association between increased concussion awareness and changes in NFL regular season home advantage.
To propose a theoretical explanation for the observed shift in home advantage, linking it to player injury prevalence and defensive play.

Main Methods:

Analysis of NFL regular season game data from 1978-2014 to track trends in home advantage.
Development of a theoretical model incorporating "away disadvantage" (due to crowd, officials, and injuries) and "injury prevalence" to explain home advantage dynamics.

Main Results:

NFL home advantage generally increased from 1978 to 2004, then significantly decreased from 2005 to 2014.
Injury prevalence increases linearly with game number, impacting player "defensiveness" and potentially explaining the declining home advantage.

Conclusions:

A notable association exists between heightened concussion awareness and the changing trajectory of home advantage in the NFL.
The "teamwork theory of home advantage" suggests that increased injury prevalence leads to more defensive play, reducing the home team's advantage over the season.