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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

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The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
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Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

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AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Current management of aneurysmal bone cysts.

Howard Y Park1, Sara K Yang2, William L Sheppard1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, 1250 16th St, Suite 2100, Santa Monica, CA, 90404, USA.

Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
|October 26, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign pediatric bone lesions. While curettage is standard, recurrence is common, prompting research into new minimally invasive treatments.

Keywords:
Aneurysmal bone cystBenign bone tumorPediatric tumor

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign bone lesions common in children, causing pain, swelling, and fractures.
  • Primary ABCs are likely neoplastic, while secondary ABCs arise from other tumors.
  • Diagnosis relies on imaging (e.g., fluid-fluid levels) but biopsy is crucial to rule out telangiectatic osteosarcoma.

Approach:

  • Current standard treatment is intralesional curettage, but recurrence rates are high.
  • Historically, en bloc resection and radiation therapy reduced recurrence but caused significant morbidity.
  • Modern approaches focus on minimally invasive percutaneous treatments and medical management to reduce both morbidity and recurrence.

Key Points:

  • Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign bone lesions predominantly affecting the pediatric population.
  • Characteristic imaging findings include fluid-fluid levels, but biopsy is essential for definitive diagnosis.
  • Intralesional curettage is the standard treatment, though recurrence is frequent.

Conclusions:

  • High recurrence rates after curettage necessitate exploring adjuvant therapies.
  • Minimally invasive percutaneous treatments and medical management are emerging as promising alternatives.
  • The goal is to reduce both treatment morbidity and ABC recurrence rates.