Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

11.8K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
11.8K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

4.5K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
4.5K
Selectins01:25

Selectins

4.6K
Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
4.6K
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

15.2K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
15.2K
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

3.4K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
3.4K
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts01:57

Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts

3.0K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Three cryo-EM structures of complement C3d-bound α<sub>M</sub>β<sub>2</sub> reveal an unexpected layer of dynamics for αI-containing integrin receptors.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Dendritic Cell Therapy in Immuno-Oncology: A Potentially Key Component of Anti-Cancer Immunotherapies.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Harnessing Hyperthermia: Molecular, Cellular, and Immunological Insights for Enhanced Anticancer Therapies.

Integrative cancer therapies·2024
Same author

The human factor H protein family - an update.

Frontiers in immunology·2024
Same author

T cell immunity ameliorates COVID-19 disease severity and provides post-exposure prophylaxis after peptide-vaccination, in Syrian hamsters.

Frontiers in immunology·2023
Same author

Intraocular neutralizing antibodies against aflibercept in patients with age related macular degeneration.

BMC ophthalmology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
06:54

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion

Published on: June 15, 2019

6.5K

The versatile functions of complement C3-derived ligands.

Anna Erdei1,2, Noémi Sándor3, Bernadett Mácsik-Valent4

  • 1Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. anna.erdei@freemail.hu, anna.erdei@ttk.elte.hu.

Immunological Reviews
|October 27, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The complement system, particularly C3 fragments, plays a crucial role in immune defense and T-cell regulation. This review highlights novel functions and species-specific differences in complement-mediated immunity.

Keywords:
B cellcell activationcomplementdendritic cellmonocyte/macrophage

More Related Videos

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
07:26

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

Published on: July 18, 2017

12.3K
Measuring Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 Using Flow Cytometry
07:20

Measuring Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 19, 2020

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion
06:54

Evaluation of the Interplay Between the Complement Protein C1q and Hyaluronic Acid in Promoting Cell Adhesion

Published on: June 15, 2019

6.5K
High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment
07:26

High-resolution Melting PCR for Complement Receptor 1 Length Polymorphism Genotyping: An Innovative Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Gene Susceptibility Assessment

Published on: July 18, 2017

12.3K
Measuring Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 Using Flow Cytometry
07:20

Measuring Erythrocyte Complement Receptor 1 Using Flow Cytometry

Published on: May 19, 2020

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is essential for innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Complement activation generates biologically active fragments, with C3 fragments mediating most immune regulatory effects.
  • While C3's role in phagocytosis and humoral immunity is established, its impact on T-cell biology is a recent discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immune modulatory functions of C3-derived fragments.
  • To focus on less-summarized roles of C3 fragments in immunological processes.
  • To emphasize the significance of locally synthesized complement components in tissue immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of complement system research.
  • Analysis of studies on C3 fragment functions.
  • Comparative analysis of human and mouse complement systems.

Main Results:

  • C3 fragments are key mediators of immune regulation beyond traditional roles.
  • Local complement synthesis is critical for tissue-specific immune responses.
  • Significant differences exist between human and mouse C3-mediated processes.

Conclusions:

  • C3-derived fragments possess diverse immune modulatory functions, impacting T-cell biology and tissue immunity.
  • Understanding local complement synthesis and interspecies variations is crucial for therapeutic development.
  • Further research into novel C3 fragment functions is warranted.