Toward a Novel Multilocus Phylogenetic Taxonomy for the Dermatophytes

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Fungal Phylogenetics
• Medical Mycology

Background:

• The classification of Arthrodermataceae family fungi, including dermatophytes, has been challenging.
• Previous phylogenetic studies indicated potential instability in existing fungal taxonomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a stable and accurate phylogenetic classification of the Arthrodermataceae family.
• To revise the taxonomy of dermatophytes and related fungi for improved diagnostic clarity.

Main Methods:

• Sequencing of ribosomal DNA (ITS and LSU), ribosomal 60S protein, beta-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 3 genes.
• Phylogenetic analysis using molecular data to construct evolutionary trees.
• Taxonomic revision including new genus and species combinations, and typification of existing species.

Main Results:

• Phylogenetic trees demonstrated high stability, confirming previous findings.
• Trichophyton was confirmed as polyphyletic, leading to its restriction to derived clades.
• New genera (Guarromyces, Paraphyton) were introduced, and 13 new combinations were proposed, clarifying species placement.
• Revised taxonomy groups medically relevant species into smaller, more manageable genera, enhancing routine diagnostics.

Conclusions:

• The proposed taxonomy provides a stable phylogenetic framework for Arthrodermataceae.
• The reclassification simplifies the identification of key dermatophyte species, aiding clinical diagnostics.
• Further research is needed to refine species boundaries within the revised genera.