Mapping wetland functions using Earth observation data and multi-criteria analysis.

Area of Science:

• Environmental Science
• Ecology
• Hydrology

Background:

• Traditional wetland functional assessments are limited to small areas due to reliance on field observations.
• Wetland managers require tools for large-scale wetland performance evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and demonstrate a novel field-based procedure for large-scale wetland functional assessment.
• To evaluate wetland functions using a multi-criteria analysis approach within hydrogeomorphic units.
• To integrate Earth observation data for comprehensive wetland function mapping.

Main Methods:

• A multi-criteria analysis approach was applied to classify wetland functions into hydrogeomorphic units.
• Geographic information system (GIS) layers derived from Earth observation data (LiDAR, multispectral, radar) were utilized.
• Four key wetland functions (flood peak attenuation, low water attenuation, denitrification, habitat) were assessed over a 132 km² site in France.

Main Results:

• Spatial distribution maps of individual wetland functions were generated, highlighting intensity levels.
• Antagonisms between different wetland functions within specific hydrogeomorphic units were identified.
• The feasibility of the large-scale assessment approach was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

• Mapping hydrological, biogeochemical, and ecological wetland functions over large areas is an efficient tool for stakeholders.
• The approach supports ecosystem service mapping, conservation priorities, and improved water resource management.
• This method provides valuable insights for policy makers, water authorities, conservation agencies, and farmers.