Better Outcomes with Precision Medicine

    Cancer Discovery
    |October 28, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Molecular profiling significantly improves outcomes for advanced cancer patients. Tailoring treatment to tumor genetics extended progression-free survival by 30% in one-third of participants in the MOSCATO-01 trial.

    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Genomics
    • Translational Medicine

    Background:

    • Advanced cancer patients often have limited treatment options.
    • Molecular profiling can identify actionable genetic alterations in tumors.
    • Precision medicine aims to personalize cancer therapy based on individual tumor characteristics.

    Framework:

    • The MOSCATO-01 trial was a prospective, precision medicine-based study.
    • It investigated the impact of molecular profiling on treatment outcomes.
    • The study included patients with diverse types of advanced cancer.

    Implementation:

    • Patients underwent comprehensive molecular profiling of their tumors.
    • Treatment decisions were guided by the identified genetic alterations.
    • Outcomes were compared between targeted and non-targeted therapy approaches.

    Implications:

    • Molecular profiling demonstrates a significant benefit for advanced cancer patients.
    • Personalized treatment strategies can improve progression-free survival.
    • This approach offers a promising avenue for improving outcomes in diverse cancer types.

    Related Concept Videos

    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

    Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
    The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
    6.3K
    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

    Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

    1.7K
    Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

    Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

    Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
    61
    Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview01:29

    Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview

    Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics examine how genetic factors influence an individual's response to drugs. While pharmacogenetics focuses on the impact of specific genetic variants on drug effects, pharmacogenomics takes a broader approach, studying how genetic variation across populations contributes to differences in drug responses. These fields aim to explain why individuals may experience varying levels of efficacy or adverse reactions to the same medication.Variability in drug...
    109
    Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu01:29

    Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu

    Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
    83
    Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

    Targeted Cancer Therapies

    1.7K