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Inflammation

Inflammation

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...

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Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

Published on: April 3, 2017

CD70 limits atherosclerosis and promotes macrophage function.

Holger Winkels, Svenja Meiler, Esther Smeets

¹Norbert Gerdes, PhD, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 9, 80336 Munich, Germany, Tel.: +49 89 4400 54672,

Thrombosis and Haemostasis

|October 28, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The co-stimulatory molecule CD70 is vital for macrophage function, promoting effective uptake and removal of oxidized LDL. Its absence worsens atherosclerosis, leading to larger, more advanced plaques.

Keywords:

Atherosclerosis CD70 inflammation macrophages

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Cardiovascular Biology
Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

CD70 (co-stimulatory molecule) modulates immune cell responses via CD27.
Limited data exists on CD70's role in atherosclerosis development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of CD70 in atherosclerosis.
To determine CD70's impact on macrophage function and plaque progression.

Main Methods:

Analysis of CD70 expression in human atherosclerotic plaques.
Assessment of CD70-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages.
Utilizing hyperlipidaemic Apoe-/- mouse models with CD70-deficient bone marrow reconstitution.

Main Results:

Ruptured plaques showed higher CD70 expression; CD70 localized to macrophages in murine atheroma.
CD70 deficiency impaired macrophage inflammatory capacity, increased M1/M2 markers, and induced apoptosis.
CD70-deficient macrophages had reduced scavenger receptor and ABC-transporter expression, impairing oxLDL uptake and cholesterol efflux.
Apoe-/- mice with CD70-deficient bone marrow exhibited increased necrotic core size, plaque area, and macrophage number.
CD70-deficient Apoe-/- mice developed larger, more advanced atheroma with lower cellularity.

Conclusions:

CD70 promotes macrophage function, viability, and phagocytosis of oxidized LDL.
CD70 deficiency exacerbates atherosclerosis by impairing macrophage function and cholesterol homeostasis.
CD70 plays a protective role in mitigating atherosclerosis progression.