Managing inflammatory bowel disease in pregnancy: current perspectives

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) impacts many women of childbearing age, with disease activity significantly affecting pregnancy outcomes.
• Poorly controlled IBD during pregnancy increases risks of prematurity, low birth weight, and fetal loss.
• Women with IBD must balance the risks of active disease against those of medical treatments.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current evidence on the safety and efficacy of IBD treatments during pregnancy and lactation.
• It provides up-to-date guidance for clinicians managing IBD in pregnant and breastfeeding patients.
• The review also critically evaluates interventions aimed at enhancing patient knowledge and improving outcomes.

Key Points:

• Over half of women with IBD exhibit inadequate knowledge regarding their condition and pregnancy.
• Poor knowledge is linked to beliefs conflicting with medical evidence and higher rates of voluntary childlessness.
• Optimizing patient understanding of IBD management during pregnancy is crucial for maternal and fetal well-being.

Conclusions:

• Effective management of IBD during pregnancy requires informed decision-making by patients and clinicians.
• Addressing knowledge gaps in women with IBD can lead to improved pregnancy outcomes and treatment adherence.
• Further research and targeted educational interventions are needed to support women with IBD throughout their reproductive journey.