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Psychosocial Illness in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence, Pattern and Risk Factors

Shikha Khandelwal1, Ghanshyam Singh Sengar2, Monika Sharma1

  • 13rd Year Resident, Department of Paediatrics, S.P. Medical College , Bikaner, Rajasthan, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|October 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) have a higher risk of psychosocial illness, including irritation, depression, and anxiety. Poor metabolic control and diet compliance are associated with these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Child Psychology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) significantly impacts children's well-being, with psychosocial implications often overlooked in India.
  • Understanding the interplay between T1DM and mental health is crucial for comprehensive pediatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, severity, and patterns of psychosocial illness in children with T1DM.
  • To identify factors associated with psychosocial illness in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study involving 84 children (6-14 years) with T1DM and 100 non-diabetic controls.
  • Utilized the DSM-5 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure for assessment of psychosocial illness and severity.
  • Collected socio-demographic data and measured HbA1c levels.

Main Results:

  • Children with T1DM exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of psychosocial illness (55.95%) compared to controls (20%).
  • Common issues included irritation (38.1%), depression (36.9%), and anxiety (32.1%), with moderate to severe forms prevalent.
  • Psychosocial illness correlated with poorer metabolic control (HbA1c > 7.5), poor dietary compliance, and higher HbA1c levels.

Conclusions:

  • T1DM is a significant risk factor for psychosocial illness in children.
  • Irritation, depression, and anxiety are the most frequent manifestations.
  • Routine psychosocial assessment is recommended for all children with T1DM for effective management.
Abstract

Keywords:
DSM-5Dietary complianceIrritationMetabolic control

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