Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Next-generation Sequencing

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....

RNA-seq

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...

Sanger Sequencing

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...

Genome Annotation and Assembly

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Stabilizing and directional selection shape the genetic variation of gene expression in the transcriptome of Chlamydomonas.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026

Same author

The genome sequence of the Roundleaf geranium, <i>Geranium rotundifolium</i> L. (Geraniales: Geraniaceae).

Wellcome open research·2026

Same author

The genome sequence of the European mistletoe, <i>Viscum album</i> L. (Santalales: Viscaceae).

Wellcome open research·2026

Same author

DNA-based identification of plants and the genomic nature of plant species differences.

Communications biology·2026

Same author

The genome of Thesium ramosoides (Santalales) reveals evolutionary dynamics associated with parasitism and alpine adaptation.

Plant communications·2026

Same author

The genomic architecture of introgression during Rhododendron speciation.

The New phytologist·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Strategies for complete plastid genome sequencing.

Alex D Twyford¹, Rob W Ness²

¹Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK.

Molecular Ecology Resources

|October 30, 2016

Summary

Recent genomic tools streamline de novo plastid assembly for plant evolution studies. Innovations in low-cost library preparation and advanced sequencing platforms enable efficient plastome sequencing, though challenges remain for difficult samples.

Keywords:

chloroplast genomic next-generation sequencing plant evolution plastid

More Related Videos

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Novel Sequence Discovery by Subtractive Genomics

Published on: January 25, 2019

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Robust DNA Isolation and High-throughput Sequencing Library Construction for Herbarium Specimens

Published on: March 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Genomics
Plant Science
Evolutionary Biology

Background:

Plastid sequencing is crucial for understanding plant evolution, phylogenetics, and population genetics due to high copy numbers and sequence conservation.
Organelle genomes offer accessible regions for comparative studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent innovations and genomic approaches for de novo plastid assembly.
To highlight advancements that streamline the process of sequencing and assembling plastomes.

Main Methods:

Genome skimming with low-cost library preparation.
Hybrid baits and methylation-sensitive capture for enrichment.
High-output and long-read sequencing platforms.
Automated assembly tools.

Main Results:

New methods significantly simplify de novo plastid assembly compared to traditional PCR-based approaches.
Complete plastome sequencing is now feasible for most land plants and green algae.
Challenges persist for assembling plastomes from herbarium specimens or structurally divergent plastids (e.g., parasitic plants).

Conclusions:

Genomic innovations have revolutionized plastid genome sequencing and assembly.
These advancements facilitate broader applications in plant evolutionary research.
Further development is needed to overcome limitations with challenging sample types.