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Synchronization of Caulobacter Crescentus for Investigation of the Bacterial Cell Cycle
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Dynamic translation regulation in Caulobacter cell cycle control.

Jared M Schrader1, Gene-Wei Li2, W Seth Childers3

  • 1Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; shapiro@stanford.edu hmcadams@stanford.edu schrader@wayne.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals that translational control precisely times protein production during the Caulobacter cell cycle. Differential translation of genes, even within operons, ensures correct protein assembly and localization for cell division.

Keywords:
Caulobactercell cycleregulationribosome profilingtranslation

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The Caulobacter cell cycle relies on precise gene expression control for asymmetric cell division.
  • Understanding translational regulation is crucial for deciphering cell cycle progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of translational control in the Caulobacter cell cycle.
  • To map global transcription and translation dynamics throughout the cell cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and ribosome profiling.
  • Assayed gene transcription and translation levels at six distinct cell cycle time points.
  • Calculated translational efficiency (TE) as a measure of protein production rate per mRNA.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct temporal patterns in translational efficiency (TE) across gene clusters, including those within operons.
  • Observed coordinated TE patterns for genes involved in specific cell cycle functions (e.g., flagellum, stalk biosynthesis).
  • Demonstrated that translational control operates independently of operon organization but is coordinated with transcriptional regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Differential translation of mRNAs provides precise cell cycle-timing for assembling complex cellular machinery.
  • Translational regulation ensures proper localization of proteins to specific cell poles.
  • Cell cycle-regulatory pathways for transcription and translation are distinct yet coordinated, orchestrated by the same cyclical circuitry.