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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

105.4K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
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Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics01:19

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Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
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Determination of Michaelis Constant and Maximum Elimination Rate01:20

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The Michaelis constant (KM) and the theoretical maximum process rate (Vmax) are vital parameters in the Michaelis-Menten equation, central to many biochemical reactions. They provide essential insights into enzyme kinetics and drug metabolism.
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Measuring Reaction Rates03:09

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Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical...
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A Femtoliter Droplet Array for Massively Parallel Protein Synthesis from Single DNA Molecules
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A Femtoliter Droplet Array for Massively Parallel Protein Synthesis from Single DNA Molecules

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Enzyme Kinetics in Femtoliter Arrays.

P Mogalisetti1, D R Walt1

  • 1Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States.

Methods in Enzymology
|October 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Femtoliter arrays enable monitoring of single enzyme molecules in solution without modification. This technique reveals enzyme kinetics details previously hidden in ensemble experiments.

Keywords:
Femtoliter arraysFluorescence microscopyMicrowellsOptical fibersSingle-molecule encapsulationSurface passivation

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Femtoliter arrays offer a method for single-molecule analysis.
  • Traditional ensemble methods have limitations in studying enzyme kinetics.
  • Single-molecule studies provide insights unattainable by bulk assays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss considerations for developing single-molecule enzyme assays in femtoliter arrays.
  • To highlight the advantages and disadvantages of various protocols for femtoliter array assays.

Main Methods:

  • Encapsulation of individual enzyme molecules in femtoliter reaction chambers.
  • Monitoring enzyme kinetics at the single-molecule level.
  • Utilizing femtoliter arrays without enzyme immobilization or fluorescent tagging.

Main Results:

  • Femtoliter arrays allow observation of unmodified single enzyme molecules in solution.
  • This approach overcomes limitations of traditional ensemble enzyme kinetics experiments.
  • Fascinating details of enzyme kinetics have been revealed.

Conclusions:

  • Femtoliter arrays are a powerful tool for studying enzyme kinetics at the single-molecule level.
  • The technique offers advantages for observing native enzyme behavior.
  • Careful consideration of protocols is essential for successful femtoliter array assays.