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Related Experiment Videos

Milk precipitins, circulating immune complexes, and IgA deficiency.

C Cunningham-Rundles, W E Brandeis, R A Good

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    |July 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Selective IgA deficiency patients often have immune complexes and antibodies to milk or bovine serum. The IgA system may be crucial in preventing gut absorption of immunogens.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Selective IgA deficiency is the most common primary immunodeficiency.
    • The role of IgA in mucosal immunity and tolerance is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence of antibodies to bovine milk and serum, and circulating immune complexes in patients with selective IgA deficiency.
    • To explore the relationship between IgA deficiency, immune complex formation, and gastrointestinal absorption of antigens.

    Main Methods:

    • Serum samples from 22 patients with selective IgA deficiency were analyzed.
    • Precipitins to bovine milk, bovine serum, and fetal calf serum were measured.
    • Circulating immune complexes were quantified.
    • One patient underwent sequential serum sampling after milk ingestion.

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    Main Results:

    • 59% of patients had circulating immune complexes.
    • 50% had milk precipitins, 23% had bovine serum precipitins, and 13% had fetal calf serum precipitins.
    • Patients with precipitins also had circulating immune complexes, with titers correlating to immune complex levels.
    • Casein was detected in circulation 60 minutes after milk ingestion, followed by increasing immune complexes.

    Conclusions:

    • Selective IgA deficiency is associated with increased immune reactivity to dietary and environmental antigens.
    • The IgA system appears to play a significant role in preventing the absorption of immunogens from the gastrointestinal tract.
    • These findings suggest a potential link between IgA deficiency, immune complex disease, and gastrointestinal issues.