Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

6.9K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
6.9K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

10.8K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.8K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
10.3K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

1.8K
1.8K
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

6.4K
6.4K
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

6.8K
The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
6.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrating fundamentals of care - moving from strategic intent to clinical practice: An organizational case study.

International journal of nursing studies·2026
Same author

Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis protein OsSUFD is essential for chloroplast function and environmental adaptation in rice.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology·2026
Same author

The SDR1-OsDSK2a-EUI1 module orchestrates plant height and multi-stress resilience in rice.

The Plant cell·2026
Same author

Recruitment of bifunctional regulator thermospermine to methylated ribosomes directs xylem fate.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

The Arabidopsis PM19L1 Protein Functions as a Regulator of Germination Under Osmotic Stress.

Plant direct·2025
Same author

Strigolactones optimise plant water usage by modulating vessel formation.

Nature communications·2025
Same journal

Conserved skeletal muscle transcriptomic responses to pacing strategies in Thoroughbred horses.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

An open-source high-precision hive for long-term honeybee observation and research.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Signaling through RXRb and its agonist, bexarotene, promotes neuron formation in Xenopus laevis embryos.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Testing the limits: the impact of extreme functional hip width on the muscular demands of walking.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Retraction: Assessment of seasonal, substrate and hormonal factors influencing the propagation and rooting of Camellia rubriflora's cuttings.

Biology open·2026
Same journal

Opsin gene evolution in aquatic, amphibious and terrestrial blennies (Blenniidae).

Biology open·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response
12:18

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response

Published on: April 17, 2016

10.8K

Strigolactone regulates shoot development through a core signalling pathway.

Tom Bennett1, Yueyang Liang1, Madeleine Seale1

  • 1Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.

Biology Open
|November 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strigolactone hormone signaling in plants primarily uses the DWARF14 (D14) receptor and SCFMAX2 ubiquitin ligase to degrade SMXL proteins, controlling shoot development. This pathway, not involving other D14-like proteins or BES1/DELLAs, regulates branching via BRANCHED1 and PIN-FORMED1.

Keywords:
Shoot branchingSignal transductionStrigolactone

More Related Videos

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions
11:27

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions

Published on: August 25, 2018

11.6K
Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 12, 2026

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response
12:18

A Strategy to Validate the Role of Callose-mediated Plasmodesmal Gating in the Tropic Response

Published on: April 17, 2016

10.8K
A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions
11:27

A Flexible Low Cost Hydroponic System for Assessing Plant Responses to Small Molecules in Sterile Conditions

Published on: August 25, 2018

11.6K
Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring
05:22

Identification of the Genes Involved in Stomatal Development via Epidermal Phenotype Scoring

Published on: January 20, 2023

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Hormone Signaling
  • Molecular Plant Development

Background:

  • Strigolactones are key plant hormones regulating development.
  • DWARF14 (D14) is a known strigolactone receptor interacting with SCFMAX2.
  • The precise targets and universality of strigolactone signaling pathways remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific targets and mechanisms of strigolactone signaling in adult shoot development.
  • To clarify the roles of D14 and SCFMAX2 in strigolactone responses.
  • To identify key downstream components regulating shoot branching.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed strigolactone responses in adult shoots.
  • Investigated the involvement of D14 and D14-like proteins.
  • Examined the role of SCFMAX2-mediated degradation of proposed targets (SMXLs, BES1, DELLAs).

Main Results:

  • All tested strigolactone responses depend on SCFMAX2 and D14, not other D14-like proteins.
  • Strigolactone responses are mediated by the degradation of SMXL6 clade proteins, not BES1 or DELLAs.
  • BRANCHED1 and PIN-FORMED1 are confirmed downstream targets regulating shoot branching, acting in parallel.

Conclusions:

  • The primary strigolactone signaling pathway in adult shoots involves D14-initiated, MAX2-mediated degradation of SMXL6 proteins.
  • This mechanism is conserved across examined strigolactone responses.
  • BRANCHED1 and PIN-FORMED1 function downstream in parallel pathways to regulate shoot branching.