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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

4.2K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

24.5K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

10.1K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 12, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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MicroRNAs: A Puzzling Tool in Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy.

Barbara D'Angelo1, Elisabetta Benedetti2, Annamaria Cimini3,2,4

  • 1Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine and Center for Biotechnology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, U.S.A. giordano@temple.edu barbara.dangelo@temple.edu.

Anticancer Research
|October 30, 2016
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs regulating cellular functions. Deregulated miRNA expression links to cancer, with circulating miRNAs showing promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
MicroRNAscancercirculating microRNAsreview

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules crucial for regulating gene expression and cellular processes.
  • Aberrant miRNA expression is implicated in the development and progression of human cancers, with miRNAs exhibiting both tumor-suppressive and oncogenic roles.
  • Circulating miRNAs found in biological fluids reflect pathophysiological states, making them potential indicators of cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the fundamental biology of microRNAs.
  • To highlight the diagnostic potential of circulating microRNAs in cancer.
  • To discuss the therapeutic applications of microRNAs in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of microRNA biology and its role in cancer.
  • Analysis of studies investigating circulating microRNAs as cancer biomarkers.
  • Examination of research on microRNA-targeted cancer therapies.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs play a significant role in cellular regulation and are frequently dysregulated in cancer.
  • Circulating miRNA profiles offer a non-invasive approach for cancer diagnostics.
  • MicroRNAs present a promising avenue for novel cancer therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are vital regulators with dual roles in cancer, acting as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes.
  • Circulating miRNAs are valuable biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Further research into miRNA biology is essential for optimizing their clinical application in cancer therapy.