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People can create new communication rules instantly, even without shared language. This involves joint inference, where individuals adapt signals based on context and shared understanding.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Social Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Humans exhibit remarkable ability to communicate with minimal shared conventions.
  • Understanding the emergence and adaptation of communicative systems is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms underlying the spontaneous creation of novel communicative conventions.
  • To explore how social interactants establish and modify communication in novel situations.

Main Methods:

  • A nonlinguistic experimental task was designed to observe convention formation.
  • Participants coordinated toward a common goal using minimal signals.
  • Conventions were analyzed for trial-by-trial changes in response to constraints.

Main Results:

  • Participants successfully created new, minimal communicative conventions.
  • Conventions dynamically adapted to environmental and task constraints.
  • The same signals conveyed different meanings across trials, demonstrating flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • Joint inference, the spontaneous inferring of sensible conventions from common ground, drives convention emergence.
  • This process explains how elaborate communication systems, including language, can rapidly form and adapt.