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Frequency of FLT3 (ITD, D835) Gene Mutations in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia: a Report from Northeastern Iran
Abolghasem Allahyari1, Masoud Sadeghi, Hossein Ayatollahi
1Department of Hematology-Oncology, Emam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Background:
FLT3 is mutated in about 1/3 of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients. The aim of the present study was to report the prevalence of FLT3 mutations and comparison with prognostic factors in AML patients in the Northeastern of Iran.
Materials And Methods:
This cross-sectional study concerned 100 AML cases diagnosed based on bone marrow aspiration and peripheral blood. DNA for every AML patient was extracted and underwent PCR with FLT3-ITD primers.
Results:
The mean age at diagnosis was 28.5 years (range, 1-66 years), 52 patients (52%) being male. Out of 100 AML patients, 21 (21%) had FLT3 mutation, (17 with FLT3- ITD, 81%, and 4 with FLT3-D825, 19%). Of the 21, 14 (66.7%) had heterozygous mutation. There was no significant difference between age, sex and organomegaly between patients with FLT3 mutation versus FLT3 wild-type.
Conclusions:
Our frequency of FLT3 is in line with earlier fidnings of approximately 20 to 30% and also the prevalence of FLT3-ITD is more than FLT3-D35 mutation. There was no significant difference between prognostic factors (age and sex) in the patients with FLT3 mutation versus FLT3 wild-type. The prevalence of FLT3 heterozygous mutations is more that homozygous mutations in AML patients.
Insights
This study found FLT3 mutations in 21% of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients in Northeastern Iran, with FLT3-ITD being the most common type. No significant differences were observed in prognostic factors between mutated and wild-type AML.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations are prevalent in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
- Understanding the prevalence of FLT3 mutations and their correlation with prognostic factors is crucial for AML patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the frequency of FLT3 mutations in AML patients from Northeastern Iran.
- To compare the prevalence of FLT3 mutations with established prognostic factors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 100 AML patients.
- DNA extraction followed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using FLT3-ITD primers.
Main Results:
- FLT3 mutations were identified in 21% of AML patients (21 out of 100).
- FLT3-Internal Tandem Duplication (ITD) mutations were more common (81%) than FLT3-D825 mutations (19%).
- Heterozygous mutations (66.7%) were more frequent than homozygous mutations; no significant differences in age, sex, or organomegaly were found between FLT3 mutated and wild-type groups.
Conclusions:
- The observed FLT3 mutation frequency aligns with previous studies (20-30%).
- FLT3-ITD mutations are more prevalent than FLT3-D825 mutations in this cohort.
- FLT3 mutations did not show a significant association with prognostic factors like age and sex in this Iranian AML population.