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Serum sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels are associated with conversion to multiple sclerosis in patients with optic

Alicja Kalinowska-Łyszczarz1, Sławomir Michalak2, Mikołaj A Pawlak3

  • 1Division of Neurochemistry and Neuropathology, Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49, Przybyszewskiego st., 60-355 Poznan, Poland.

Journal of Neuroimmunology
|November 4, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Lower levels of soluble Platelet-Endothelial-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule-1 (sPECAM-1) and soluble Vascular-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) may predict multiple sclerosis (MS) development after optic neuritis. These biomarkers could aid in assessing MS progression risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Leukocyte-endothelial interactions are crucial in inflammatory diseases.
  • Platelet-Endothelial-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and Vascular-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) are key adhesion molecules in these interactions.
  • Optic neuritis (ON) is an initial demyelinating event, and predicting conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) is clinically important.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between serum levels of soluble PECAM-1 (sPECAM-1) and VCAM-1 (sVCAM-1) and the risk of developing MS after a first monosymptomatic ON episode.
  • To explore the role of anti-aquaporin-4-antibodies (AQP4-IgG) in disease course and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Serum sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels were quantified using ELISA in 29 patients with first ON.
  • Anti-aquaporin-4-antibodies (AQP4-IgG) were detected via cell-based assay.
  • Patients were followed for seven years to monitor conversion to MS or Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO).

Main Results:

  • Patients who developed MS (16/24 AQP4-IgG negative) had significantly lower baseline sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels compared to those who did not develop MS.
  • A minority of AQP4-IgG positive patients developed NMO (2/5).

Conclusions:

  • Serum sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1 may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting MS development following an initial ON episode.
  • These adhesion molecules' levels correlate with the risk of progression to MS.
Keywords:
BiomarkersHuman Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1)Multiple sclerosisNeuromyelitis opticaOptic neuritisPlatelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (PECAM-1)

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