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Updated: Mar 12, 2026

A Method for High Fidelity Optogenetic Control of Individual Pyramidal Neurons In vivo
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FEF inactivation with improved optogenetic methods.

Leah Acker1,2,3, Erica N Pino4,5,6, Edward S Boyden4,7,8,9

  • 1McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; desimone@mit.edu leah.acker@duke.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|November 4, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New optogenetic tools enable effective neuronal silencing in primate brains. This research demonstrates the frontal eye field

Keywords:
FEFJawsmemory-guided saccadeoptogeneticsprimate

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Optogenetics
  • Primate Research

Background:

  • Optogenetic methods effectively suppress neural activity in rodents but show limited effects in primates due to larger brain size.
  • Previous studies highlight the frontal eye field's (FEF) role in memory-guided saccades, but the necessity of FEF activity during specific task epochs remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop advanced optogenetic technologies for effective neuronal inactivation in primates.
  • To investigate the necessity of frontal eye field (FEF) activity across all epochs of the memory-guided saccade task.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized red-light-shifted halorhodopsin (Jaws) expression and delivery in primates.
  • Developed a large-volume illuminator for deep cortical targeting with minimal heating.
  • Utilized optogenetics for precise neuronal silencing in the FEF during a memory-guided saccade task.

Main Results:

  • Achieved nearly universal neuronal inactivation across >10 mm³ of primate cortex.
  • Demonstrated significant behavioral changes, including increased error rates, with low light power densities in the FEF.
  • Found that FEF activity is crucial during visual, delay, and motor periods of the memory-guided saccade task.

Conclusions:

  • Developed novel optogenetic tools enabling large-scale neuronal silencing in primates.
  • Confirmed the critical role of the frontal eye field (FEF) in memory-guided eye movements throughout all task phases.