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Published on: August 7, 2019
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Fine needle aspiration in retroperitoneal lesions
Parikshaa Gupta1, Arvind Rajwanshi1, Raje Nijhawan1
1Department of Cytology and Gynaecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Summary
Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a valuable tool for diagnosing retroperitoneal lesions, offering a rapid and minimally invasive pre-operative assessment. This study found FNAC to be accurate, often reducing the need for open surgical biopsies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pathology
- Radiology
Background:
- The retroperitoneal space contains vital organs and its lesions are challenging to diagnose.
- Literature on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for retroperitoneal lesions is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC for retroperitoneal lesions.
- To elucidate the spectrum of retroperitoneal lesions presenting to a tertiary care center.
Main Methods:
- Reviewed 389 retroperitoneal aspirates for clinical and radiological details.
- Assessed cytological-histological correlation and causes of discordant diagnoses.
- Analyzed patient demographics and lesion types (neoplastic vs. non-neoplastic).
Main Results:
- Satisfactory aspirates obtained in 328 cases; 64% were neoplastic lesions, with 87.1% of these being malignant.
- Malignant neoplasms were significantly more common than benign neoplasms (ratio 10.8:1).
- Cytological-histological correlation showed 81.8% positive agreement in 33 cases with available histopathology.
Conclusions:
- FNAC is a useful, rapid, and minimally invasive method for pre-operative diagnosis of retroperitoneal lesions.
- FNAC can often obviate the need for open surgical biopsy.
- Further studies are needed to fully establish FNAC's role in managing diverse retroperitoneal pathologies.
